TO‘G‘RIDAN-TO‘G‘RI XORIJIY INVESTITSIYALAR VA GLOBAL QIYMAT ZANJIRLARINING QAYTA SHAKLLANISHI: O‘ZBEKISTONNING TARMOQ USTUVORLIKLARI
Keywords:
to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri xorijiy investitsiyalar, global qiymat zanjirlari, tarmoq ustuvorliklari, sanoat siyosati, O‘zbekiston, mahalliy ta’minotchilarAbstract
Maqolada to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri xorijiy investitsiyalar (TXI) va global qiymat zanjirlarining (GQZ) qayta shakllanishi o‘rtasidagi o‘zaro bog‘liqlik tahlil qilinadi, O‘zbekiston uchun tarmoq ustuvorliklari asoslanadi. UNCTAD ma’lumotlariga ko‘ra, 2025-yilda jahon TXI hajmi 6 foizga oshib, 1,6 trln dollarga yetgan, biroq kapital strategik tarmoqlar va cheklangan sondagi mamlakatlarda to‘planmoqda. Tadqiqotda O‘zbekistonga jalb etilayotgan xorijiy kapital bo‘yicha milliy va xalqaro statistika qiyoslanadi, uning tarmoq tuzilmasi tahlil qilinadi va GQZ ga qo‘shilish imkoniyatlari baholanadi. Natijalar asosida energetika, kon-metallurgiya va kimyo, to‘qimachilik va oziq-ovqat sanoati, avtomobilsozlik va elektrotexnika hamda raqamli xizmatlar bo‘yicha ustuvorliklar, shuningdek mahalliy ta’minotchilar bilan orqaga bog‘lanishlarni rivojlantirish choralari taklif etiladi.
References
1. Baldwin R., Freeman R. Risks and Global Supply Chains: What We Know and What We Need to Know // Annual Review of Economics. 2022. Vol. 14. P. 153–180.
2. UNCTAD. World Investment Report 2026: International Investment in a Turbulent Era. Geneva: United Nations, 2026. URL: https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/wir2026_en.pdf.
3. Ministry of Investment, Industry and Trade of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Information on Key Results of the Activities of the Ministry of Investment, Industry and Trade in 2025. URL: https://gov.uz/en/miit/sections/view/7405.
4. Kazakhstan Dominates Central Asia’s FDI Stock as Uzbekistan Gains Ground // The Astana Times. July 2026. URL: https://astanatimes.com/2026/07/kazakhstan-dominates-central-asias-fdi-stock-as-uzbekistan-gains-ground/.
5. Dunning J.H. The Eclectic Paradigm of International Production: A Restatement and Some Possible Extensions // Journal of International Business Studies. 1988. Vol. 19. No. 1. P. 1–31. DOI: 10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490372.
6. Gereffi G., Humphrey J., Sturgeon T. The Governance of Global Value Chains // Review of International Political Economy. 2005. Vol. 12. No. 1. P. 78–104. DOI: 10.1080/09692290500049805.
7. Javorcik B.S. Does Foreign Direct Investment Increase the Productivity of Domestic Firms? In Search of Spillovers through Backward Linkages // American Economic Review. 2004. Vol. 94. No. 3. P. 605–627. DOI: 10.1257/0002828042002633.
8. Harding T., Javorcik B.S. Roll Out the Red Carpet and They Will Come: Investment Promotion and FDI Inflows // The Economic Journal. 2011. Vol. 121. No. 557. P. 1445–1476.
9. Alfaro L., Chor D. Global Supply Chains: The Looming “Great Reallocation”. NBER Working Paper No. 31661. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2023. URL: https://www.nber.org/papers/w31661.
10. Gopinath G., Gourinchas P.-O., Presbitero A.F., Topalova P. Changing Global Linkages: A New Cold War? IMF Working Paper No. 2024/76. Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund, 2024.
11. Uzbekistan tops Central Asia in FDI for the first time in 30 years // Daryo. 23.06.2025. URL: https://daryo.uz/en/2025/06/23/uzbekistan-tops-central-asia-in-fdi-for-first-time-in-30-years-with-28bn-inflow.
12. Aris B. Uzbekistan FDI on the rise // bne IntelliNews. 17.06.2026. URL: https://www.intellinews.com/uzbekistan-fdi-on-the-rise-449132/.
13. Fixed capital investments in Uzbekistan up 15.2% year-on-year // Kun.uz. 2025. URL: https://kun.uz/en/41625620.
14. UNCTAD. World Investment Report 2025: International Investment in the Digital Economy. Geneva: United Nations, 2025.
15. Progress of Uzbekistan’s accession to the World Trade Organization reviewed // Official website of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan. 06.05.2026. URL: https://president.uz/en/lists/view/9183.
16. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PF-158 of 11.09.2023 “On the Uzbekistan–2030 Strategy”. URL: https://lex.uz.
